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Aphasia After Stroke: Types of Language Disorder and Speech Therapy at Home
Difficulty speaking, finding words or understanding after a stroke may be aphasia. Types of aphasia, family communication strategies and the role of home speech and language therapy.
When a stroke affects the brain's language centres, a person may struggle to speak, find words, or understand what they read or hear. This is aphasia. It does not mean loss of intelligence; the problem lies in using language. The person knows what they want to say but cannot find or combine the words.
| Type | Speech | Comprehension | Typical picture |
|---|---|---|---|
| Broca's (expressive) | Halting, few words, effortful | Relatively preserved | Knows what to say but struggles to say it |
| Wernicke's (receptive) | Fluent but meaningless or wrong words | Markedly impaired | May not notice errors |
| Global | Very limited | Severely impaired | Both speaking and understanding affected |
| Anomic | Fluent with word-finding problems | Usually good | Frequent "thing", talking around words |
Reading and writing are often affected too, and some people also have dysarthria (slurred speech) or apraxia of speech.
The role of speech and language therapy
- Comprehension work: simple commands, object–picture matching
- Word finding: naming, cueing, categories
- Sentence building from short simple sentences
- Reading and writing
- Alternative communication: picture cards, boards, gestures, tablet apps
- Family training
Recovery is fastest in the first months, but regular therapy can bring improvement for years. Starting early matters.
Family strategies
When speaking: choose a quiet setting; use slow, short, simple sentences without talking down; one topic at a time; yes/no questions; support with gestures, writing and pictures.
When listening: give time; avoid constant correction; don't pretend to understand; include the person in conversations and never talk about them as if absent.
People with aphasia often feel anger, embarrassment, frustration and depression. Patience, celebrating small successes and psychological support help.
At home, therapy uses real objects and routines, and family members learn strategies directly.
We provide home speech and language therapy for aphasia, dysarthria and swallowing problems across Yalova, coordinated with physiotherapy and care, with sessions in Bursa, Istanbul and Kocaeli–Gebze.
